Implicancia del cuidado de la casa común en el desarrollo filogenético de la viruela del mono
Resumen
La viruela del mono es una zoonosis reemergente producida por el monkeypox virus (MPXV), que pertenece a la familia poxviridae, al género orthopoxvirus. Se identificó por primera vez en el año 1958, desde entonces se han dado brotes en diferentes países del continente africano.
Sin embargo, se constata que el patógeno ha evolucionado, por la presencia de polimorfismo genómico, pérdida de genes, etc. Hasta llegar al clado IIb, que ha causado el brote del año 2022. Entre los factores que han influido en su filogenética se han identificado: barreras biogeográficas, variaciones climáticas drásticas y acciones humanas. Estas últimas dependen de la relación de la persona con su entorno natural, entre ellas está: la destrucción de áreas forestales, consumo de animales silvestres y el tráfico de especies. Estas actividades, además de vulnerar los derechos de la persona como el de un ambiente sano y a la salud, dan las condiciones necesarias para que los virus de diferentes especies puedan transmitirse a la persona y generar zoonosis que puedan poner en riesgo la salud pública. Por ese motivo es fundamental el cuidado de la casa común para evitar la propagación de enfermedades zoonoticas como la viruela del mono.
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